1. Sowers,M.L., Conrad,J.W., Chang-gu,B., Cherryhomes,E., Hackfeld,L.C. and Sowers,L.C. (2023) DNA Base Excision Repair Intermediates Influence Duplex – Quadruplex Equilibrium. Molecules.

2. Baljinnyam,T., Conrad,J.W., Sowers,M.L., Chang-Gu,B., Herring,J.L., Hackfeld,L.C., Zhang,K. and Sowers,L.C. (2022) Characterization of a Novel Thermostable DNA Lyase Used To Prepare DNA for Next-Generation Sequencing. Chem. Res. Toxicol., 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.2c00172.

3. Hsu,C.W., Sowers,M.L., Baljinnyam,T., Herring,J.L., Hackfeld,L.C., Tang,H., Zhang,K. and Sowers,L.C. (2022) Measurement of deaminated cytosine adducts in DNA using a novel hybrid thymine DNA glycosylase. J. Biol. Chem., 298, 101638.

4. Hsu,C.W., Conrad,J.W., Sowers,M.L., Baljinnyam,T., Herring,J.L., Hackfeld,L.C., Hatch,S.S. and Sowers,L.C. (2022) A combinatorial system to examine the enzymatic repair of multiply damaged DNA substrates. Nucleic Acids Res, 50, 1–14.

5. Baljinnyam,T., Sowers,M.L., Hsu,C.W., Conrad,J.W., Herring,J.L., Hackfeld,L.C. and Sowers,L.C. (2022) Chemical and enzymatic modifications of 5-methylcytosine at the intersection of DNA damage, repair, and epigenetic reprogramming. PLoS One, 17, e0273509.

6. Sowers,M.L. and Sowers,L.C. (2022) Glioblastoma and Methionine Addiction. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 23, 1–15.

7. Sowers,L.C., Blanton,L.S., Weaver,S.C., Urban,R.J. and Mouton,C.P. (2020) Pharmacological approaches to the treatment of COVID-19 patients. J. Transl. Sci., 6, 1–12.

8. Hancock,K., Hsu,W., Khanipov,K., Fofanov,Y., Klimberg,V.S.S. and Sowers,L. (2019) Era of Error in Next Generation Sequencing: Examining a Hot Spot of p53 in Colorectal Cancer. J. Am. Coll. Surg., 229, e199–e200.

9. López-García,I., Gerő,D., Szczesny,B., Szoleczky,P., Olah,G., Módis,K., Zhang,K., Gao,J., Wu,P., Sowers,L.C., et al. (2018) Development of a stretch-induced neurotrauma model for medium-throughput screening in vitro: identification of rifampicin as a neuroprotectant. Br. J. Pharmacol., 175, 284–300.

10. Zhang,K., Xu,P., Sowers,J.L., Machuca,D.F., Mirfattah,B., Herring,J., Tang,H., Chen,Y., Tian,B., Brasier,A.R., et al. (2017) Proteome Analysis of Hypoxic Glioblastoma Cells Reveals Sequential Metabolic Adaptation of One-Carbon Metabolic Pathways. Mol. Cell. Proteomics, 16, 1906–1921.

11. Hsu,C.W., Sowers,M.L., Hsu,W., Eyzaguirre,E., Qiu,S., Chao,C., Mouton,C.P., Fofanov,Y., Singh,P., Sowers,L.C., et al. (2017) How does inflammation drive mutagenesis in colorectal cancer? Trends Cancer Res., 12, 111–132.

12. Lagger,S., Connelly,J.C., Schweikert,G., Webb,S., Selfridge,J., Ramsahoye,B.H., Yu,M., He,C., Sanguinetti,G. and Sowers,L.C. (2017) MeCP2 recognizes cytosine methylated tri-nucleotide and di-nucleotide sequences to tune transcription in the mammalian brain. PLoS Genet., 13, e1006793.

13. Tang,H., Tian,B., Brasier,A.R., Sowers,L.C. and Zhang,K. (2016) Measurement of histone methylation dynamics by one-carbon metabolic isotope labeling and high-energy collisional dissociation methylation signature ion detection. Sci. Rep., 6, 31537.

14. Tuvdendorj,D., Munoz,A.O., Ruiz-Barros,V., Schwarz,J.-M., Montalto,G., Chandalia,M., Sowers,L.C., Rizzo,M., Murphy,E.J. and Abate,N. (2016) In vivo triglyceride synthesis in subcutaneous adipose tissue of humans correlates with plasma HDL parameters. Atherosclerosis, 251, 147–152.

15. Lagger,S., Connelly,J.C., Schweikert,G., Webb,S., Selfridge,J., Ramsahoye,B.H., Yu,M., DeSousa,D., Seiser,C. and He,C. (2016) Domains of methylated CAC and CG target MeCP2 to tune transcription in the brain. bioRxiv.

16. Ito,I., Bhopale,K.K., Nishiguchi,T., Lee,J.O., Herndon,D.N., Suzuki,S., Sowers,L.C., Suzuki,F. and Kobayashi,M. (2016) The polarization of M2b monocytes in cultures of burn patient peripheral CD14+ cells treated with a selected human CCL1 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide. Nucleic Acid Ther., 26, 269–276.

17. Sowers,J.L., Mirfattah,B., Xu,P., Tang,H., Park,I.Y., Walker,C., Wu,P., Laezza,F., Sowers,L.C. and Zhang,K. (2015) Quantification of histone modifications by parallel-reaction monitoring: a method validation. Anal. Chem., 87, 10006–10014.

18. Patel,J.P., Sowers,M.L., Herring,J.L., Theruvathu,J.A., Emmett,M.R., Hawkins,B.E., Zhang,K., DeWitt,D.S., Prough,D.S. and Sowers,L.C. (2015) Measurement of Postreplicative DNA Metabolism and Damage in the Rodent Brain. Chem. Res. Toxicol., 28, 2352–2363.

19. McLean,L.S., Watkins,C.N., Campbell,P., Zylstra,D., Rowland,L., Amis,L.H., Scott,L., Babb,C.E., Livingston,W.J. and Darwanto,A. (2015) Aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligand 5F 203 induces oxidative stress that triggers DNA damage in human breast cancer cells. Chem. Res. Toxicol., 28, 855–871.

20. Patel,P.R., Hegde,M.L., Theruvathu,J., Mitra,S.A., Boldogh,I. and Sowers,L. (2015) Norepinephrine reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) and DNA damage in ovarian surface epithelial cells. J. Bioanal. Biomed., 7, 75.

21. O’Connell,M.R., Sarkar,S., Luthra,G., Okugawa,Y., Toiyama,Y., Goel,A., Gajjar,A., Qiu,S., Sowers,L. and Singh,P. (2015) A short isoform of DCLK1, transcribed from an alternate promoter in human colon cancers, represents a novel biomarker and target for diagnostic and treatment purposes.

22. O’Connell,M.R., Sarkar,S., Luthra,G., Okugawa,Y., Toiyama,Y., Goel,A., Gajjar,A., Qiu,S., Sowers,L. and Singh,P. (2015) 60 A Short Isoform of DCLK1 Is a Novel Prognostic Marker for Human Colon Cancers, and Can Be Used As a Specific Target for Preventing and/or Treating Colon Cancers, While Sparing Normal Cells. Gastroenterology, 148, S-18.

23. Tang,H., Fang,H., Yin,E., Brasier,A.R., Sowers,L.C. and Zhang,K. (2014) Multiplexed parallel reaction monitoring targeting histone modifications on the QExactive mass spectrometer. Anal. Chem., 86, 5526–5534.

24. Theruvathu,J.A., Darwanto,A., Hsu,C.W. and Sowers,L.C. (2014) The effect of Pot1 binding on the repair of thymine analogs in a telomeric DNA sequence. Nucleic Acids Res., 42, 9063–9073.

25. Miller,A.L., Geng,C., Golovko,G., Sharma,M., Schwartz,J.R., Yan,J., Sowers,L., Widger,W.R., Fofanov,Y., Vedeckis,W. V, et al. (2014) Epigenetic alteration by DNA-demethylating treatment restores apoptotic response to glucocorticoids in dexamethasone-resistant human malignant lymphoid cells. Cancer Cell Int., 14, 35.

26. Sowers,J.L., Johnson,K.M., Conrad,C., Patterson,J.T. and Sowers,L.C. (2014) The role of inflammation in brain cancer. In Inflammation and Cancer. Springer, pp. 75–105.

27. Anastasio,N.C., Miller,A.L., Pyles,R.B., Moeller,F.G., Ramesh,D., Sowers,L.C. and Cunningham,K.A. (2014) Epigenetic Regulation of Serotonin (5-HT) 5-HT2A: 5-HT2C Receptor Balance in Maladaptive Impulsivity. In NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY. NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND, Vol. 39, pp. S330–S330.

28. Theruvathu,J.A., Yin,Y.W., Pettitt,B.M. and Sowers,L.C. (2013) Comparison of the structural and dynamic effects of 5-methylcytosine and 5-chlorocytosine in a CpG dinucleotide sequence. Biochemistry, 52, 8590–8598.

29. Sowers,L. and Goodman,M.F. (2013) Base Pairing and Base Pair Substitution. In Brenner’s Encyclopedia of Genetics: Second Edition. Elsevier Inc., pp. 297–299.

30. Carter,M., Voth,A.R., Scholfield,M.R., Rummel,B., Sowers,L.C. and Ho,P.S. (2013) Enthalpy–entropy compensation in biomolecular halogen bonds measured in DNA junctions. Biochemistry, 52, 4891–4903.

31. Seiberling,K.A., Church,C.A., Herring,J.L. and Sowers,L.C. (2012) Epigenetics of chronic rhinosinusitis and the role of the eosinophil. In International forum of allergy & rhinology. Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company Hoboken, Vol. 2, pp. 80–84.

32. Ibrahim,Y.I., Ninnis,J.R., Hopper,A.O., Deming,D.D., Zhang,A.X., Herring,J.L., Sowers,L.C., McMahon,T.J., Power,G.G. and Blood,A.B. (2012) Inhaled nitric oxide therapy increases blood nitrite, nitrate, and s-nitrosohemoglobin concentrations in infants with pulmonary hypertension. J. Pediatr., 160, 245–251.

33. Xiong,L., Darwanto,A., Sharma,S., Herring,J., Hu,S., Filippova,M., Filippov,V., Wang,Y., Chen,C.-S. and Duerksen-Hughes,P.J. (2011) Mass spectrometric studies on epigenetic interaction networks in cell differentiation. J. Biol. Chem., 286, 13657–13668.

34. Peverini,R., Chinnock,R., Sowers,L.C. and Hathout,E. (2011) Nathaniel K. Chan, Andre Obenaus, 2 Annie Tan, Naoaki Sakata, 3 John Mace. Dyn. contrast-Enhanced MRI Pancreat. Islet Transplants.

35. Blood,A.B., Schroeder,H.J., Terry,M.H., Merrill-Henry,J., Bragg,S.L., Vrancken,K., Liu,T., Herring,J.L., Sowers,L.C. and Wilson,S.M. (2011) Inhaled nitrite reverses hemolysis-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction in newborn lambs without blood participation. Circulation, 123, 605–612.

36. Darwanto,A., Van Ornam,J.D., Lao,V.V. and Sowers,L.C. (2011) Chemical carcinogenesis and epigenetics. In Chemical Carcinogenesis. Humana Press, pp. 245–266.

37. Ito,S., Dalessio,A.C., Taranova,O. V., Hong,K., Sowers,L.C. and Zhang,Y. (2010) Role of tet proteins in 5mC to 5hmC conversion, ES-cell self-renewal and inner cell mass specification. Nature, 466, 1129–1133.

38. Lao,V.V., Darwanto,A. and Sowers,L.C. (2010) Impact of base analogues within a CpG dinucleotide on the binding of DNA by the methyl-binding domain of MeCP2 and methylation by DNMT1. Biochemistry, 49, 10228–10236.

39. Kim,C.H., Darwanto,A., Theruvathu,J.A., Herring,J.L. and Sowers,L.C. (2010) Polymerase incorporation and miscoding properties of 5-chlorouracil. Chem. Res. Toxicol., 23, 740–748.

40. Darwanto,A., Farrel,A., Rogstad,D.K. and Sowers,L.C. (2009) Characterization of DNA glycosylase activity by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Anal. Biochem., 394, 13–23.

41. Darwanto,A., Theruvathu,J.A., Sowers,J.L., Rogstad,D.K., Pascal,T., Goddard,W. and Sowers,L.C. (2009) Mechanisms of base selection by human single-stranded selective monofunctional uracil-DNA glycosylase. J. Biol. Chem., 284, 15835–15846.

42. Neidigh,J.W., Darwanto,A., Williams,A.A., Wall,N.R. and Sowers,L.C. (2009) Cloning and characterization of Rhodotorula glutinis thymine hydroxylase. Chem. Res. Toxicol., 22, 885–893.

43. Theruvathu,J.A., Kim,C.H., Darwanto,A., Neidigh,J.W. and Sowers,L.C. (2009) pH-dependent configurations of a 5-chlorouracil-guanine base pair. Biochemistry, 48, 11312–11318.

44. Williams,A.A., Darwanto,A., Theruvathu,J.A., Burdzy,A., Neidigh,J.W. and Sowers,L.C. (2009) Impact of sugar pucker on base pair and mispair stability. Biochemistry, 48, 11994–12004.

45. Herring,J.L., Rogstad,D.K. and Sowers,L.C. (2009) Enzymatic Methylation of DNA in Cultured Human Cells Studied by Stable Isotope Incorporation and Mass Spectrometry. Chem Res Toxicol., 22, 1060–1068.

46. Lao,V.V., Herring,J.L., Kim,C.H., Darwanto,A., Soto,U. and Sowers,L.C. (2009) Incorporation of 5-chlorocytosine into mammalian DNA results in heritable gene silencing and altered cytosine methylation patterns. Carcinogenesis, 30, 886–893.

47. Theruvathu,J.A., Kim,C.H., Rogstad,D.K., Neidigh,J.W. and Sowers,L.C. (2009) Base pairing configuration and stability of an oligonucleotide duplex containing a 5-chlorouracil-adenine base pair. Biochemistry, 48, 7539–7546.

48. Hathout,E., Chan,N.K., Tan,A., Sakata,N., Mace,J., Pearce,W., Peverini,R., Chinnock,R., Sowers,L. and Obenaus,A. (2009) In vivo imaging demonstrates a time‐line for new vessel formation in islet transplantation. Pediatr. Transplant., 13, 892–897.

49. Sakata,N., Tan,A., Chan,N., Obenaus,A., Mace,J., Peverini,R., Sowers,L., Chinnock,R. and Hathout,E. (2009) Efficacy comparison between intraportal and subcapsular islet transplants in a murine diabetic model. In Transplantation proceedings. Elsevier, Vol. 41, pp. 346–349.

50. Rogstad,D.K., Herring,J.L., Theruvathu,J.A., Burdzy,A., Perry,C.C., Neidigh,J.W. and Sowers,L.C. (2009) Chemical decomposition of 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine (Decitabine): kinetic analyses and identification of products by NMR, HPLC, and mass spectrometry. Chem. Res. Toxicol., 22, 1194–1204.

51. Chan,N.K., Obenaus,A., Tan,A., Sakata,N., Mace,J., Peverini,R., Chinnock,R., Sowers,L.C. and Hathout,E. (2009) Monitoring neovascularization of intraportal islet grafts by dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Islets, 1, 249–255.

52. Sakata,N., Hayes,P., Tan,A., Chan,N.K., Mace,J., Peverini,R., Sowers,L., Pearce,W.J., Chinnock,R. and Obenaus,A. (2009) MRI assessment of ischemic liver following intraportal islet transplantation. Transplantation, 87, 825.

53. Cui,Z., Theruvathu,J.A., Farrel,A., Burdzy,A. and Sowers,L.C. (2008) Characterization of synthetic oligonucleotides containing biologically important modified bases by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Anal. Biochem., 379, 196–207.

54. Liu,P., Theruvathu,J.A., Darwanto,A., Lao,V.V., Pascal,T., Goddard,W. and Sowers,L.C. (2008) Mechanisms of base selection by the Escherichia coli mispaired uracil glycosylase. J. Biol. Chem., 283, 8829–8836.

55. Kang,J.I. and Sowers,L.C. (2008) Examination of hypochlorous acid-induced damage to cytosine residues in a CpG dinucleotide in DNA. Chem. Res. Toxicol., 21, 1211–1218.

56. Titova,E., Ostrowski,R.P., Kevil,C.G., Tong,W., Rojas,H., Sowers,L.C., Zhang,J.H. and Tang,J. (2008) Reduced brain injury in CD18‐deficient mice after experimental intracerebral hemorrhage. J. Neurosci. Res., 86, 3240–3245.

57. Plank,M.S., Boskovic,D.S., Sowers,L.C. and Angeles,D.M. (2008) Biochemical markers of neonatal hypoxia.

58. Sowers,L. and Herring,J. (2008) DNA Methylation Can Be Monitored by Isotope Tracers and GC/MS. In CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY. AMER CHEMICAL SOC 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA, Vol. 21, p. 2437.

59. Darwanto,A., Ngo,L. and Sowers,L.C. (2008) Pyrimidine Damage and Repair. Adv. Mol. Toxicol., 2, 153–182.

60. McLean,L., Davis,W., Sowers,L. and Brantley,E. (2008) 5F 203-induced apoptosis involves oxidative stress and caspase activation in sensitive breast cancer cells.

61. Calderon,T.C., Boskovic,D.S., Sowers,L.C. and Angeles,D.M. (2008) Use of purines and xanthine oxidase as markers of neonatal hypoxia-ischemia. Res. Signpost.

62. Hathout,E., Sakata,N., Chrisler,J., Tan,A., Chan,N., Hayes,P., Mace,J., Chinnock,R., Sowers,L. and Obenaus,A. (2008) EFFICACY COMPARISON BETWEEN INTRAPORTAL AND SUBCAPSULAR ISLETS IN MURINE DIABETIC MODELS: 2334. Transplantation, 86, 762.

63. Sowers,L. and Lao,V.V. (2008) Inflammation-Mediated DNA Damage Induces Epigenetic Changes. In CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY. AMER CHEMICAL SOC 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA, Vol. 21, p. 2438.

64. McLean,L., Soto,U., Agama,K., Francis,J., Jimenez,R., Pommier,Y., Sowers,L. and Brantley,E. (2008) Aminoflavone induces oxidative DNA damage and reactive oxidative species‐mediated apoptosis in breast cancer cells. Int. J. cancer, 122, 1665–1674.

65. Hathout,E., Sakata,N., Tan,A., Chan,N., Hayes,P., Mace,J., Peverini,R., Sowers,L., Chinnock,R. and Obenaus,A. (2008) MRI ASSESSMENT OF LIVER ISCHEMIA AFTER INTRAPORTAL ISLET TRANSPLANTATION: 835. Transplantation, 86, 291.

66. Hathout,E., Chan,N., Tan,A., Chrisler,J., Hough,J., Sakata,N., Mace,J., Peverini,R., Chinnock,R. and Sowers,L. (2008) Long-term disappearance of neovascularization of transplanted islets. In AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION. BLACKWELL PUBLISHING 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND, Vol. 8, p. 297.

67. Calderon,T.C., Wu,W., Rawson,R.A., Sakala,E.P., Sowers,L.C., Boskovic,D.S. and Angeles,D.M. (2008) Effect of mode of birth on purine and malondialdehyde in umbilical arterial plasma in normal term newborns. J. Perinatol., 28, 475–481.

68. Hathout,E., Chan,N., Lalas,S., Sakata,N., Chrisler,J., Tan,A., Mace,J., Sowers,L. and Obenaus,A. (2008) Dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of intraportal islet transplantation. In DIABETES. AMER DIABETES ASSOC 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA, Vol. 57, pp. A539–A539.

69. Valinluck,V. and Sowers,L.C. (2007) Endogenous cytosine damage products alter the site selectivity of human DNA maintenance methyltransferase DNMT1. Cancer Res., 67, 946–950.

70. Rogstad,D.K., Darwanto,A., Herring,J.L., Rogstad,K.N., Burdzy,A., Hadley,S.R., Neidigh,J.W. and Sowers,L.C. (2007) Measurement of the incorporation and repair of exogenous 5-hydroxymethyl-2′-deoxyuridine in human cells in culture using gas chromatography-negative chemical ionization-mass spectrometry. Chem. Res. Toxicol., 20, 1787–1796.

71. Angeles,D.M., Ashwal,S., Wycliffe,N.D., Ebner,C., Fayard,E., Sowers,L. and Holshouser,B.A. (2007) Clinical Investigation-Relationship Between Opioid Therapy, Tissue-Damaging Procedures, and Brain Metabolites as Measured by Proton MRS in Asphyxiated Term Neonates. Pediatr. Res., 61, 614–621.

72. Zhang,H., Bae,S., Linkhart,T.A., Sowers,L.C. and Zhang,L. (2007) Effect of cocaine on protein kinase C isozyme gene expression pattern in the developing heart. Mol. Pharmacol., 27, 238.

73. Valinluck,V. and Sowers,L.C. (2007) Inflammation-mediated cytosine damage: a mechanistic link between inflammation and the epigenetic alterations in human cancers. Cancer Res., 67, 5583–5586.

74. Zhang,H., Darwanto,A., Linkhart,T.A., Sowers,L.C. and Zhang,L. (2007) Maternal cocaine administration causes an epigenetic modification of protein kinase Cϵ gene expression in fetal rat heart. Mol. Pharmacol., 71, 1319–1328.

75. Morkos,A.A., Hopper,A.O., Deming,D.D., Yellon,S.M., Wycliffe,N., Ashwal,S., Sowers,L.C., Peverini,R.L. and Angeles,D.M. (2007) Elevated total peripheral leukocyte count may identify risk for neurological disability in asphyxiated term neonates. J. Perinatol., 27, 365–370.

76. Rogstad,D.K., Herring,J., Rogstad,K.N., Burdzy,A. and Sowers,L.C. (2007) 105 MEASURING TOXICITY, INCORPORATION, AND REPAIR OF 5-HYDROXYMETHYL-2′-DEOXYURIDINE IN CELLS.

77. Kang,J.I., Neidigh,J.W. and Sowers,L.C. (2007) 107 MARKER FOR INFLAMMATION-MEDIATED HISTONE DAMAGE INVOLVED IN EPIGENETIC REGULATION.

78. Titova,E., Ostrowski,R.P., Sowers,L.C., Zhang,J.H. and Tang,J. (2007) Effects of apocynin and ethanol on intracerebral haemorrhage-induced brain injury in rats. Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol., 34, 845–850.

79. Patrick,T., Wu,W., Rawson,R.A., Sowers,L.C., Boskovic,D.S. and Angeles,D.M. (2007) Effect of the mode of birth on purine and malondialdehyde levels in umbilical arterial plasma.

80. Hathout,E., Sowers,L., Wang,R., Tan,A., Mace,J., Peverini,R., Chinnock,R. and Obenaus,A. (2007) In vivo magnetic resonance imaging of vascularization in islet transplantation. Transpl. Int., 20, 1059–1065.

81. Valinluck,V., Wu,W., Liu,P., Neidigh,J.W. and Sowers,L.C. (2006) Impact of cytosine 5-halogens on the interaction of DNA with restriction endonucleases and methyltransferase. Chem. Res. Toxicol., 19, 556–562.

82. Woodbury,B.B., Broome,D.R., Holshouser,B.A. and Sowers,L.C. (2006) 379 PREDICTING EXTRACAPSULAR EXTENSION OF PROSTATE CANCER USING MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY.

83. Sowers,L., Valinluck,V. and Kang,J. (2006) Impact of DNA Damage on Epigenetic Signals.: S25. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 47.

84. McLean,L., Soto,U., Casiano,C., Sowers,L. and Brantley,E. (2006) Growth inhibitory effects of Aminoflavone in estrogen receptor negative MDA-MB-468 breast cancer cells. Exp. Mol. Ther.

85. Valinluck,V., Liu,P., Kang Jr,J.I., Burdzy,A., Sowers,L.C., Kang,J.I., Burdzy,A. and Sowers,L.C. (2005) 5-Halogenated pyrimidine lesions within a CpG sequence context mimic 5-methylcytosine by enhancing the binding of the methyl-CpG-binding domain of methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MeCP2). Nucleic Acids Res., 33, 3057–3064.

86. Angeles,D.M., Wycliffe,N., Michelson,D., Holshouser,B.A., Deming,D.D., Pearce,W.J., Sowers,L.C. and Ashwal,S. (2005) Use of opioids in asphyxiated term neonates: effects on neuroimaging and clinical outcome. Pediatr. Res., 57, 873–878.

87. Valinluck,V., Tsai,H.H., Rogstad,D.K., Burdzy,A., Bird,A. and Sowers,L.C. (2004) Oxidative damage to methyl-CpG sequences inhibits the binding of the methyl-CpG binding domain (MBD) of methyl-CpG binding protein 2 (MeCP2). Nucleic Acids Res., 32, 4100–4108.

88. Kang,J.I., Burdzy,A., Liu,P. and Sowers,L.C. (2004) Synthesis and characterization of oligonucleotides containing 5-chlorocytosine. Chem. Res. Toxicol., 17, 1236–1244.

89. Angeles,D.M., Wycliffe,N., Holshouser,B., Deming,D., Pearce,W., Sowers,L. and Ashwal,S. (2004) Effect of opioid analgesics on magnetic resonance imaging scores in asphyxiated term infants. In ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY. WILEY-LISS DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA, Vol. 56, pp. S107–S107.

90. Rogstad,D.K., Heo,J., Vaidehi,N., Goddard,W.A., Burdzy,A. and Sowers,L.C. (2004) 5-Formyluracil-induced perturbations of DNA function. Biochemistry, 43, 5688–5697.

91. Liu,P., Burdzy,A. and Sowers,L.C. (2004) DNA ligases ensure fidelity by interrogating minor groove contacts. Nucleic Acids Res., 32, 4503–4511.

92. Johnson,N.A., McKenzie,R., McLean,L., Sowers,L.C. and Fletcher,H.M. (2004) 8-oxo-7, 8-dihydroguanine is removed by a nucleotide excision repair-like mechanism in Porphyromonas gingivalis W83. J. Bacteriol., 186, 7697–7703.

93. Liu,P., Burdzy,A. and Sowers,L.C. (2003) Repair of the mutagenic DNA oxidation product, 5-formyluracil. DNA Repair (Amst)., 2, 199–210.

94. Rogstad,K.N., Jang,Y.H., Sowers,L.C. and Goddard,W.A. (2003) First Principles Calculations of the p K a Values and Tautomers of Isoguanine and Xanthine. Chem. Res. Toxicol., 16, 1455–1462.

95. Morgan,R.J., Newman,E.M., Sowers,L., Scanlon,K., Harrison,J., Akman,S., Leong,L., Margolin,K., Niland,J. and Raschko,J. (2003) Phase I study of cisdiamminedichloroplatinum in combination with azidothymidine in the treatment of patients with advanced malignancies. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol., 51, 459–464.

96. Jang,Y.H., Goddard,W.A., Noyes,K.T., Sowers,L.C., Hwang,S. and Chung,D.S. (2003) pKa values of guanine in water: Density functional theory calculations combined with Poisson-Boltzmann continuum-solvation model. J. Phys. Chem. B, 107, 344–357.

97. Liu,P., Burdzy,A. and Sowers,L.C. (2002) Substrate recognition by a family of uracil-DNA glycosylases: UNG, MUG, and TDG. Chem. Res. Toxicol., 15, 1001–1009.

98. Rogstad,D.K., Liu,P., Burdzy,A., Lin,S.S. and Sowers,L.C. (2002) Endogenous DNA lesions can inhibit the binding of the AP-1 (c-Jun) transcription factor. Biochemistry, 41, 8093–8102.

99. Baker,D., Liu,P., Burdzy,A. and Sowers,L.C. (2002) Characterization of the substrate specificity of a human 5-hydroxymethyluracil glycosylase activity. Chem. Res. Toxicol., 15, 33–39.

100. Jang,Y.H., Goddard,W.A., Noyes,K.T., Sowers,L.C., Hwang,S. and Chung,D.S. (2002) First principles calculations of the tautomers and p K a values of 8-oxoguanine: implications for mutagenicity and repair. Chem. Res. Toxicol., 15, 1023–1035.

101. Burdzy,A., Noyes,K.T., Valinluck,V. and Sowers,L.C. (2002) Synthesis of stable‐isotope enriched 5‐methylpyrimidines and their use as probes of base reactivity in DNA. Nucleic Acids Res., 30, 4068–4074.

102. Boulard,Y., Fazakerley,G.V. and Sowers,L.C. (2002) The solution structure of an oligonucleotide duplex containing a 2′-deoxyadenosine-3-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2′-deoxyuridine base pair determined by NMR and molecular dynamics studies. Nucleic Acids Res., 30, 1371–1378.

103. Valinluck,V., Liu,P., Burdzy,A., Ryu,J. and Sowers,L.C. (2002) Influence of local duplex stability and N 6-methyladenine on uracil recognition by mismatch-specific uracil-DNA glycosylase (Mug). Chem. Res. Toxicol., 15, 1595–1601.

104. Jang,Y.H., Sowers,L.C., Çagin,T. and Goddard,W.A. (2001) First principles calculation of pKa values for 5-substituted uracils. J. Phys. Chem. A, 105, 274–280.

105. La Francois,C.J., Jang,Y.H., Cagin,T., Goddard,W.A. and Sowers,L.C. (2000) Conformation and proton configuration of pyrimidine deoxynucleoside oxidation damage products in water. Chem. Res. Toxicol., 13, 462–470.

106. Rusmintratip,V. and Sowers,L.C. (2000) An unexpectedly high excision capacity for mispaired 5-hydroxymethyluracil in human cell extracts. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 97, 14183–14187.

107. Sowers,L.C. (2000) 15N-enriched 5-fluorocytosine as a probe for examining unusual DNA structures. J. Biomol. Struct. Dyn., 17, 713–723.

108. Rusmintratip,V., Riggs,A.D. and Sowers,L.C. (2000) Examination of the DNA substrate selectivity of DNA cytosine methyltransferases using mass tagging. Nucleic Acids Res., 28, 3594–3599.

109. Sowers,L.C., Boulard,Y. and Fazakerley,G.V. (2000) Multiple structures for the 2-aminopurine− cytosine mispair. Biochemistry, 39, 7613–7620.

110. Suen,W., Spiro,T.G., Sowers,L.C. and Fresco,J.R. (1999) Identification by UV resonance Raman spectroscopy of an imino tautomer of 5-hydroxy-2′-deoxycytidine, a powerful base analog transition mutagen with a much higher unfavored tautomer frequency than that of the natural residue 2′-deoxycytidine. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 96, 4500–4505.

111. Lam,W.-C., Van der Schans,E.J.C., Sowers,L.C. and Millar,D.P. (1999) Interaction of DNA polymerase I (Klenow fragment) with DNA substrates containing extrahelical bases: implications for proofreading of frameshift errors during DNA synthesis. Biochemistry, 38, 2661–2668.

112. Wang,H., Chen,J., Hollister,K., Sowers,L.C. and Forman,B.M. (1999) Endogenous bile acids are ligands for the nuclear receptor FXR/BAR. Mol. Cell, 3, 543–553.

113. Board,E. (1999) PNAS Policy on Prior Publication.

114. Boulard,Y., Sowers,L.C. and Fazakerley,G. V (1999) NMR Structure of an Oligonucleotide Containing A Base Pair 3-(2-Hydroxyethyl) Deoxyuridine-Adenine. Nucleosides Nucleotides, 18, 1603–1607.

115. Lafrancois,C.J., Fujimoto,J. and Sowers,L.C. (1999) Synthesis and utilization of 13C (8)-enriched purines. Nucleosides Nucleotides, 18, 23–37.

116. LaFrancois,C.J., Yu,K. and Sowers,L.C. (1998) Quantification of 5-(hydroxymethyl) uracil in DNA by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry: problems and solutions. Chem. Res. Toxicol., 11, 786–793.

117. LaFrancois,C.J., Fujimoto,J. and Sowers,L.C. (1998) Synthesis and characterization of isotopically enriched pyrimidine deoxynucleoside oxidation damage products. Chem. Res. Toxicol., 11, 75–83.

118. Sowers,L.C. and LaFrancois,C.J. (1998) Analysis of oxidized DNA bases by GC/MS: Problems and some solutions. In ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY. AMER CHEMICAL SOC 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA, Vol. 216, pp. U568–U568.

119. Scanlon,K.J. and Sowers,L.C. (1997) Circumvention of human tumor drug resistance. Biotechnol. Adv., 15, 701.

120. Sowers,L.C. (1997) Synthesis of 4-alkoxy-5-fluoro-2’-deoxyuridine and its incorporation into oligonocleotides.

121. Tardy-Planechaud,S., Fujimoto,J., Lin,S.S. and Sowers,L.C. (1997) Solid phase synthesis and restriction endonuclease cleavage of oligodeoxynucleotides containing 5-(hydroxymethyl)-cytosine. Nucleic Acids Res., 25, 553–558.

122. Rusinova,E., Ross,J.B.A., Laue,T.M., Sowers,L.C. and Senear,D.F. (1997) Linkage between Operator Binding and Dimer to Octamer Self-Assembly of Bacteriophage λ c I Repressor. Biochemistry, 36, 12994–13003.

123. Sullivan,J.J., Bjornson,K.P., Sowers,L.C. and DeHaseth,P.L. (1997) Spectroscopic determination of open complex formation at promoters for Escherichia coli RNA polymerase. Biochemistry, 36, 8005–8012.

124. Fujimoto,J., Tran,L. and Sowers,L.C. (1997) Synthesis and cleavage of oligodeoxynucleotides containing a 5-hydroxyuracil residue at a defined site. Chem. Res. Toxicol., 10, 1254–1258.

125. Privat,E. and Sowers,L.C. (1996) Photochemical deamination and demethylation of 5-methylcytosine. Chem. Res. Toxicol., 9, 745–750.

126. Privat,E.J. and Sowers,L.C. (1996) A proposed mechanism for the mutagenicity of 5-formyluracil. Mutat. Res. - Fundam. Mol. Mech. Mutagen., 354, 151–156.

127. Gdaniec,Z., Ban,B., Sowers,L.C. and Fazakerley,G.V. (1996) Methoxyamine‐Induced Mutagenesis of Nucleic Acids: A Proton NMR Study of Oligonucleotides Containing N4‐Methoxycytosine Paired with Adenine or Guanine. Eur. J. Biochem., 242, 271–279.

128. Fujimoto,J., Nuesca,Z., Mazurek,M. and Sowers,L.C. (1996) Synthesis and hydrolysis of oligodeoxyribonucleotides containing 2-aminopurine. Nucleic Acids Res., 24, 754–759.

129. Gdaniec,Z., Sowers,L.C. and Fazakerley,G.V. (1996) Methoxyamine attack on cytosine produces ambivalent base pairing properties of the modified base. Acta Biochim. Pol., 43, 95–105.

130. Sowers,L.C. (1996) 4-ethoxy-5-fluoro-2’-deoxyuridine.

131. Faibis,V., Cognet,J.A.H., Boulard,Y., Sowers,L.C. and Fazakerley,G.V. (1996) Solution Structure of Two Mismatches G⊙ G and I⊙ I in the K-ras Gene Context by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Molecular Dynamics. Biochemistry, 35, 14452–14464.

132. Mazurek,M. and Sowers,L.C. (1996) The paradoxical influence of thymine analogues on restriction endonuclease cleavage of oligodeoxynucleotides. Biochemistry, 35, 11522–11528.

133. Frey,M.W., Sowers,L.C., Millar,D.P. and Benkovic,S.J. (1995) The nucleotide analog 2-aminopurine as a spectroscopic probe of nucleotide incorporation by the Klenow fragment of Escherichia coli polymerase I and bacteriophage T4 DNA polymerase. Biochemistry, 34, 9185–9192.

134. Gervais,V., Cognet,J.A.H., Le Bret,M., Sowers,L.C. and Fazakerley,G.V. (1995) Solution Structure of two Mismatches A· A and T· T in the K‐ras Gene Context by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Molecular Dynamics. Eur. J. Biochem., 228, 279–290.

135. Fazakerley,G.V. and Sowers,L.C. (1995) Structure determination of oligonucleotides containing modified bases. In Radiation damage in DNA: Structure/function relationships at early times.

136. Feig,D.I., Sowers,L.C. and Loeb,L.A. (1994) Reverse chemical mutagenesis: Identification of the mutagenic lesions resulting from reactive oxygen species-mediated damage to DNA. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 91, 6609–6613.

137. Hochstrasser,R.A., Carver,T.E., Sowers,L.C. and Millar,D.P. (1994) Melting of a DNA helix terminus within the active site of a DNA polymerase. Biochemistry, 33, 11971–11979.

138. Jancso,A., Botfield,M.C., Sowers,L.C. and Weiss,M.A. (1994) An altered-specificity mutation in a human POU domain demonstrates functional analogy between the POU-specific subdomain and phage lambda repressor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 91, 3887–3891.

139. Sowers,L.C. (1994) 4-ethoxy 5-fluoro 2’deoxyuridine.

140. Mellac,S., Fazakerley,G.V. and Sowers,L.C. (1994) Structures of oligonucleotides containing 5-(methoxymethyl)-2′-deoxyuridine determined by NMR spectroscopy. J. Biomol. Struct. Dyn., 11, 1017–1033.

141. Raney,K.D., Sowers,L.C., Millar,D.P. and Benkovic,S.J. (1994) A fluorescence-based assay for monitoring helicase activity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 91, 6644–6648.

142. Mellac,S., Fazakerley,G.V. and Sowers,L.C. (1993) Structures of base pairs with 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2’-deoxyuridine in DNA determined by NMR spectroscopy. Biochemistry, 32, 7779–7786.

143. Sowers,L.C. and Beardsley,G.P. (1993) Synthesis of oligonucleotides containing 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2’-deoxyuridine at defined sites. J. Org. Chem., 58, 1664–1665.

144. Fazakerley,G.V., Gdaniec,Z. and Sowers,L.C. (1993) Base-pair induced shifts in the tautomeric equilibrium of a modified DNA base. J. Mol. Biol., 230.

145. MILLAR,D.P., HOCHSTRASSER,R.A., CARVER,T.E. and SOWERS,L.C. (1993) LOCAL MELTING OF DNA-BASE PAIRS BY DNA-POLYMERASE. In BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL. BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998, Vol. 64, pp. A277–A277.

146. Boulard,Y., Cognet,J.A.H., Gabarro-Arpa,J., Le Bret,M., Sowers,L.C. and Fazakerley,G.V. (1992) The pH dependent configurations of the CA mispair in DNA. Nucleic Acids Res., 20, 1933–1941.

147. Smith,S.S., Kaplan,B.E., Sowers,L.C. and Newman,E.M. (1992) Mechanism of human methyl-directed DNA methyltransferase and the fidelity of cytosine methylation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 89, 4744–4748.

148. Miyachi,H., Jiao,L., Sowers,L.C. and Scanlon,K.J. (1992) Collateral sensitivity to azidothymidine in methotrexate resistant human leukemia cells. In Vivo (Brooklyn)., 6, 17–21.

149. Scanlon,K.J. and Sowers,L.C. (1992) Use of certain nucleoside analogs to attenuate cancer cell resistance to DNA damaging chemotherapy.

150. Guest,C.R., Hochstrasser,R.A., Sowers,L.C. and Millar,D.P. (1991) Dynamics of mismatched base pairs in DNA. Biochemistry, 30, 3271–3279.

151. Kopka,M.L., Dickerson,R.E., Seeman,N.C., Rosenberg,J.M., Rich,A., Sklenir,V., Feigon,J., Sowers,L.C., Fazakerley,G. V and Kim,H. (1991) Predicting the Three-Dimensional Folding of Transfer RNA with a Computer Modeling Protocolt. Biochemistry, 30, 5458–5465.

152. Carbonnaux,C., Fazakerley,G.V. and Sowers,L.C. (1990) An NMR structural study of deaminated base pairs in DNA. Nucleic Acids Res., 18, 4075.

153. Cuniasse,P., Fazakerley,G. V, Guschlbauer,W., Kaplan,B.E. and Sowers,L.C. (1990) The abasic site as a challenge to DNA polymerase: a nuclear magnetic resonance study of G, C and T opposite a model abasic site. J. Mol. Biol., 213, 303–314.

154. Scanlon,K.J., Funato,T., Pezeshki,B., Tone,T. and Sowers,L.C. (1990) Potentiation of azidothymidine cytotoxicity in cisplatin-resistant human ovarian carcinoma cells. Cancer Commun., 2, 339–343.

155. Sowers,L.C., Sedwick,W.D., Shaw,B.R., David Sedwick,W. and Shaw,B.R. (1989) Hydrolysis of N3-methyl-2′-deoxycytidine: model compound for reactivity of protonated cytosine residues in DNA. Mutat. Res. Mol. Mech. Mutagen., 215, 131–138.

156. Bravo,L.M., Salas,C.E., Fertig,G., Ishida,R., Utsumi,K.R., Takahashi,T., Hohmann,S., Gozalbo,D., Barbin,A. and Bartsch,H. (1989) RR Tice, BG Ormiston and AF McFee (USA) Classical and molecular genetic analyses of his-3 mutants of Neurospora crassa. II. Southern blot analyses and molecular mechanisms of mutagenicity JS Dubins, LK Overton, RR Cobb and FJ De Serres (USA) Induction of . Mutat. Res., 215, 237–238.

157. Scanlon,K.J., Kashani-Sabet,M., Miyachi,H., Sowers,L.C. and Rossi,J. (1989) Molecular basis of cisplatin resistance in human carcinomas: model systems and patients. Anticancer Res., 9, 1301–1312.

158. Sowers,L.C., Eritja,R., Chen,F.M., Khwaja,T., Kaplan,B.E., Goodman,M.F. and Fazakerley,G.V. (1989) Characterization of the high pH wobble structure of the 2-aminopurine· cytosine mismatch by N-15 NMR spectroscopy. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 165, 89–92.

159. Sowers,L.C., Goodman,M.F., Eritja,R., Kaplan,B. and Fazakerley,G. V (1989) Ionized and wobble base-pairing for bromouracil-guanine in equilibrium under physiological conditions: A nuclear magnetic resonance study on an oligonucleotide containing a bromouracil-guanine base-pair as a function of pH. J. Mol. Biol., 205, 437–447.

160. Jones,R.A., Petruska,J., Goodman,M.F., Boosalis,M.S. and Sowers,L.C. (1989) Subtilisin-Cleaved Actin: Polymerization and Interaction with Myosin Subfragment If. Biochemistry, 28, 5889–5895.

161. Scanlon,K.J., Kashani-Sabet,M. and Sowers,L.C. (1989) Overexpression of DNA replication and repair enzymes in cisplatin-resistant human colon carcinoma HCT8 cells and circumvention by azidothymidine. Cancer Commun., 1, 269–275.

162. Sowers,L.C., Mhaskar,D.N., Khwaja,T.A. and Goodman,M.F. (1989) Preparation of imino and amino N-15 enriched 2-aminopurine deoxynucleoside. Nucleosides Nucleotides, 8, 23–34.

163. Cuniasse,P., Sowers,L.C., Eritja,R., Kaplan,B., Goodman,M.F., Cognet,J.A.H., Le Bret,M., Guschlbauer,W. and Fazakerley,G. V (1989) Abasic frameshift in DNA. Solution conformation determined by proton NMR and molecular mechanics calculations. Biochemistry, 28, 2018–2026.

164. Sowerss1,L.C., Eritjag,R., Kaplans,B., Goodmany,M.F., Fazakerlyll,G.V., Sowers,L.C., Eritja,R., Kaplan,B., Goodman,M.F. and Fazakerly,G. V. (1988) Equilibrium between a wobble and ionized base pair formed between fluorouracil and guanine in DNA as studied by proton and fluorine NMR. J. Biol. Chem., 263, 14794–14801.

165. Petruska,J., Goodman,M.F., Boosalis,M.S., Sowers,L.C., Cheong,C. and Tinoco,I. (1988) Comparison between DNA melting thermodynamics and DNA polymerase fidelity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 85, 6252–6.

166. Haertle,T., Carrera,C.J., Wasson,D.B., Sowers,L.C., Richman,D.D. and Carson,D.A. (1988) Metabolism and anti-human immunodeficiency virus-1 activity of 2-halo-2’, 3’-dideoxyadenosine derivatives. J. Biol. Chem., 263, 5870–5875.

167. Goodman,M.F., Petruska,J., Boosalis,M.S., Bonner,C., Randall,S.K., Sowers,L.C. and Mendelman,L. (1988) BASE SUBSTITUTION MUTAGENESIS. DNA replication Mutagen.

168. Sowers,L.C., Shaw,B.R., Veigl,M.L., Sedwick,W.D. and David Sedwick,W. (1987) DNA base modification: Ionized base pairs and mutagenesis. Mutat. Res. - Fundam. Mol. Mech. Mutagen., 177, 201–218.

169. Fazakerley,G.V., Sowers,L.C., Eritja,R., Kaplan,B.E. and Goodman,M.F. (1987) Structural and dynamic properties of a bromouracil-adenine base pair in DNA studied by proton NMR. J. Biomol. Struct. Dyn., 5, 639–650.

170. Sowers,L.C., Goodman,M.F. and Smith,S.S. (1987) Department of Biological Soiences, Molecular Biology Section, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089—1481.

171. Sowers,L.C., Shaw,B.R. and Sedwick,W.D. (1987) Base stacking and molecular polarizability: effect of a methyl group in the 5-position of pyrimidines. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 148, 790–794.

172. Cuniasse,P., Sowers,L.C., Eritja,R., Kaplan,B., Goodman,M.F., Cognet,J.A.H., LeBret,M., Guschlbauer,W. and Fazakerley,G. V (1987) An abasic site in DNA. Solution conformation determined by proton NMR and molecular mechanics calculations. Nucleic Acids Res., 15, 8003–8022.

173. Hardy,T.A., Baker,D.J., Newman,E.M., Sowers,L.C., Goodman,M.F. and Smith,S.S. (1987) Size of the directing moiety at carbon 5 of cytosine and the activity of human DNA (cytosine-5) methyltransferase. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 145, 146–152.

174. Sowers,L.C., Eritja,R., Kaplan,B.E., Goodman,M.F. and Fazakerley,G. V (1987) Structural and dynamic properties of a fluorouracil-adenine base pair in DNA studied by proton NMR. J. Biol. Chem., 262, 15436–15442.

175. Fazakerley,G.V., Sowers,L.C., Eritja,R., Kaplan,B.E. and Goodman,M.F. (1987) NMR studies on an oligodeoxynucleotide containing 2-aminopurine opposite adenine. Biochemistry, 26, 5641–5646.

176. Sowers,L.C., Fazakerley,G.V., Kim,H., Dalton,L. and Goodman,M.F. (1986) Variation of nonexchangeable proton resonance chemical shifts as a probe of aberrant base pair formation in DNA. Biochemistry, 25, 3983–3988.

177. Petruska,J., Sowers,L.C. and Goodman,M.F. (1986) Comparison of nucleotide interactions in water, proteins, and vacuum: model for DNA polymerase fidelity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 83, 1559–1562.

178. GOODMAN,M.F., PETRUSKA,J., SOWERS,L.C., BOOSALIS,M., RANDALL,S.K., DALTON,L., MHASKAR,D.N., KHWAJA,T., FAZAKERLEY,G. V and ERITJA,R. (1986) CONFORMATIONAL BEHAVIOR OF NUCLEOTIDES RELEVANT TO DNA-REPLICATION FIDELITY. J. Cell. Biochem.

179. Eritja,R., Kaplan,B.E., Mhaskar,D., Sowers,L.C., Petruska,J. and Goodman,M.F. (1986) Synthesis and properties of defined DNA oligomers containing base mispairs involving 2-aminopurine. Nucleic Acids Res., 14, 5869–5884.

180. Metcalf,R.L., Metcalf,E.R., Mitchell,W.C., Micouin,J.H., Treich,I., Dassa,J., Young,R., Buhler,J.-M., Sentenac,A. and Fromageot,P. (1986) OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.

181. Sowers,L.C., Fazakerley,G.V., Eritja,R., Kaplan,B.E. and Goodman,M.F. (1986) Base pairing and mutagenesis: observation of a protonated base pair between 2-aminopurine and cytosine in an oligonucleotide by proton NMR. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 83, 5434–5438.

182. Sowers,L.C. (1985) DNA BASE MODIFICATION, IONIZED BASE PAIRS AND MUTAGENESIS CARCINOGENESIS, CHEMOTHERAPY.

183. Richards,R.G., Sowers,L.C., Laszlo,J. and Sedwick,W.D. (1984) The occurrence and consequences of deoxyuridine in DNA. Adv. Enzyme Regul., 22, 157–185.

184. Sowers,L.C., Shaw,B.R. and Sedwick,W.D. (1984) IONIZED BASE-PAIRS-A PROBABLE CONSEQUENCE OF MUTAGENIC ALKYLATION OF DNA. In PROCEEDINGS OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR CANCER RESEARCH. AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PUBLIC LEDGER BLDG, SUITE 816, 150 S …, Vol. 25, p. 20.

185. Wall,N.R. and Sowers,L.C. (1982) Note added in proof: A related paper appeared during revision of this paper: T. Pfaffeneder et al., The discovery of 5-formylcytosine in embryonic stem cell DNA. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 50, 7008 (2011); published online 30 June 2011. Nucleic Acids Res, 10, 1579.

186. Sowers,L.C. (1980) Characterization of the chemical reactivity of 5-methylcytosine and its potential biological implications.

187. Holshouser,B., Angeles,D.M., Wycliffe,N.D., Deming,D., Carr,C., Sowers,L.C. and Ashwal,S. Use of Opioids in Asphyxiated Term Neonates: Effect on Brain Metabolites and Outcomes.

188. Aguar,M., Angeles,D.M., Attwood,S.E., Avard,D., Barera,G., Roy,B., Boskovic,D.S., Boucek,R.J., Brown-Whitehorn,T.A. and Brugada,M. Our thanks to all those who have helped with this issue of Pediatric Health. Listed below are authors, referees and others who have kindly given their time, effort and expertise; their generosity has helped establish this publication.

189. Duerksen-Hughes,P.J., Angeles,D.M., Aruni,W., Bashkirov,V., Boskovic,D., Brantley,E.J., Buchholz,J.N., Cantin,E.M., Casiano,C.A. and Chen,S.-T. Department of Basic Sciences. Leg. Not.

190. Privat,E.J., Sowers,L.C., Gmz,P., Matsui,K., Sofuni,T., Nohmi,T., Crane,G.J., Thomas,S.M., Jones,M.E. and Rose&mm,H.S. Series: Current Issues in Mutagenesis and Carcinogenesis.

191. Fouad,T.M., Kogawa,T., Reuben,J.M., Ueno,N.T., Sowers,J.L., Johnson,K.M., Conrad,C., Patterson,J.T., Sowers,L.C. and Bonomi,M. The Role of Inflammation in Inflammatory Breast Cancer.